hn battery

Battery plate stock rose after the nuclear power is expected to Relay

Based on past experience, the Government has received major support from the industry are often extraordinary development. Hot look from this year’s market, though stocks were twists and turns, but the low-carbon economy is a new energy battery plates, particularly the performance of a very eye-catching plate. Because our country Fazhan new energy vehicles in particular, is an electric car industry has the resources and advantages, the Guan Jian electric vehicle components Dianji and rare metals such as lithium Dianchizhuyao needs, manganese, rare earth, etc., these resources Woguo reserve size and yield in Quanqiuzhanju Jiao large proportion.

From the hot market for new energy vehicles to explore effects of view, is the vehicle manufacturers initially, followed by transition to a key component of new energy battery, then began to tap new energy battery lithium primary lithium upstream resources and electrolyte, such as Jiang special motor The rose and the development of lithium-earth Yichun Mine was not unrelated to the recent hot spots continue to fuel-cell proliferation effect, Tongji Science and Technology is therefore of three consecutive daily limit dell Studio 17 battery dell Studio 1735 battery .

In addition, new energy battery of other raw materials have also sought after by the market, such as involved in lithium-ion battery cathode material lithium iron phosphate Hengdian DMEGC development also rose 40% last week. Hengdian East magnetic technology is also the upstream manufacturers Jinrui daily limit yesterday in one fell swoop. In international cooperation, policy support and investors favored the background, is expected to focus new energy battery industry will continue to in-depth interpretation of effects.

The relevant section of stagflation varieties investors due attention. Such as low-cost fuel cell unit new continents, the same investment in the production of lithium-ion battery cathode material lithium iron phosphate Chengxing stake.

View from the broader market trend, overall active stocks. Institutions Shigekura consumer stocks, pharmaceutical stocks, as well as hot money preferred stocks lithium batteries and new materials, the average rose more than 4%, indicating that both optimistic and institutions and the hot money, but banks, real estate has not been represented much as a heavyweight, the space constraints of the broader market rally.

Thus, while the broader market rebounded yesterday, but if the heavyweight has been anything, the continuity may not be too strong rebound, broader market will remain cabinet vibration pattern.

Grasp the rhythm section

The new concept of energy blocks in the lithium battery market in the near future become the object of frenzied speculation. The same new nuclear energy within the last seven or eight years, a variety of equipment needs in an absolutely strong phase, the concept could take over the baton lithium.

First, the most authentic Chinese nuclear power a heavy concept, the three major nuclear power giants are constantly reaching out to a heavy, asked, “marriage”, which is the next possible price catalyst dell Studio 1737 battery dell Studio XPS 13 battery .

Second, Dongfang Electric nuclear power business will be ELECTRIC growth in the second half performance, the company currently orders for 40 billion yuan of nuclear power in hand.

Third, nuclear valves in nuclear science and technology investment in nuclear power plants in the proportion of nuclear power stations built around 1.6% of value, the corresponding market capacity will reach more than 144 billion yuan.

From early June the government introduced subsidies for new energy vehicles policy, to August 18 SAC-led “coalition electric vehicle industry,” there are signs that the direction of new energy vehicles in China has set the tone. Rao, secretary general of the National Passenger Car Co has reached on the “Daily Economic News”, told reporters that “pure electric vehicles will be the main country pushing the direction of new energy automotive industry.” This makes Toyota and Honda dominated the Japanese automobile enterprises main attack and to patents for many years known hybrid advantages of being diluted.

Set the tone for decades of pure electric cars

In 2000, China’s auto development on the development of the “863 Project” plan, which is planning new energy vehicles in China the first time that stressed that the Government trying to use a variety of technical line test development of new energy vehicles.

Rehabilitation of energy transfer when the car mentioned, hybrid power, pure power and hydrogen fuel cells and other new energy technologies, which line has been in dispute, the parties are in the build-up of financial and human primary push their own line Fujitsu Lifebook T4010D battery Fujitsu Lifebook T4020 battery .

Technology leader in the parties dispute the time line of new energy vehicles, energy car in the new government the role of planning there are two voices: First, the Government-led research and development of new energy vehicles, as major foreign industrial investment plan has the government the leading role; second is uncertain international routes of new energy technologies, should adhere to a number of technology go hand in hand, to avoid investment risk industries and countries.

Despite the controversy has been a long time, the government still chose the former, and identified the main push of pure electric vehicle direction.

Rao Da, “Daily Economic News” said, “pure electric car line, compared to other technologies mature, at least in the motor and electronic control technology is relatively mature, the only thing is the battery technology breakthrough. At present our country in the lithium and iron battery technology research and development has certain advantages. but there seems no substantial battery technology breakthrough, a breakthrough battery technology will take some luck. ”

Despite the presence of pure electric vehicle line, some risk, but Rao said that this was the Government must do. Government to maintain the Chinese economy is in rapid development, need to have major breakthroughs in science and technology, several technical routes from the look of pure electric technology is the most promising.

A person familiar with the “Daily Economic News” reporter revealed that, in fact, done two years ago, research departments and found that the smallest difference with the international electric vehicle, electric vehicles have been inclined direction, but when the market acceptance is not high. Today, the pure electric vehicle research and development has become a consensus at the recent League of central enterprises and the electric vehicle industry, the new Energy Industry Association, Shenzhen, the establishment of such organizations can be seen.

Japanese car missing “plug-in subsidies”

Subsidies in accordance with new energy vehicles, Japanese cars Toyota and Honda enterprises new energy vehicles in China will be subsidized with 10,000 yuan missed FPCBP121  FPCBP121AP .

Early June, the government introduced a “buy on the launch of new energy vehicles to subsidize private pilot’s notice” clearly states, plug-in hybrids and pure electric cars are two models available up to 5 million yuan and 60,000 yuan of subsidy. Toyota Prius and Honda CIVIC hybrid plug because they did not have the required functions, can enjoy the 3,000 energy-efficient car allowance treatment.

Lack of sufficient amount of subsidies, and CIVIC hybrid Prius sales to maintain the status quo, Toyota and Honda’s new energy strategy in China by a greater impact.

A car business professionals with the “Daily Economic News” chat had revealed that the subsidy policy is not to subsidize hybrid Lieru huge range of the list, mainly on account of Japanese automakers in hybrid technical advantages and patent advantages, so as not to follow the development of controlled by others.

Deputy Director, Ipsos Ye Sheng Automotive Research, said Toyota, Honda and Subaru and other Japanese car holds the Department of hybrid vehicle technology, core technology, with a large number of patents, but this is not China’s new energy hybrid car subsidies did not important reasons included, “This is China’s national conditions and corporate subsidies, not for the behavior of Japanese automakers.”

In this regard, Rao believes that targeted subsidies for new energy vehicles battery subsidies, and hybrid electric vehicle is different is that plug-in hybrid battery as the main driving force is its higher production costs.

In fact, China’s new energy vehicles set direction on the Japanese electric vehicle new energy strategy of enterprises is only temporary, Toyota and Honda have already started plug-in hybrid plans.

“Daily Economic News” reporters learned recently released in Japan, Toyota Prius plug-in the global loan scheme, the next six months to be manufactured about 600 Prius plug-in hybrids. Toyota says plug-in Prius will be the first in Japan, the United States and Europe, tests, test vehicles for the 230 in Japan, the United States 150, Europe 200.

3 years, Honda plans to launch in the U.S. plug-in hybrid, Honda’s future plug-in hybrid fuel consumption per drive is only 60 kilometers a liter, compared with Toyota’s 7203 best-selling fuel-efficient hybrid-type also. By 2013, Honda plans to launch in the U.S. hybrid Honda Insight and the other two types. By then, the Honda hybrid models in the United States will reach 5 of FPCBP73AP  FPCBP95 .

Are generally looking for charging the sooner the better. Discussed here are:

1, currently used in electric bicycles VRLA battery rapid charging of the limits to how much?

2, fast way to charge what?

3, the current commercial fast charger what state?

4, nickel hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion battery charge state how fast?

A: 1, the present valve-regulated lead-acid battery maximum charge current of up to 1C. But in the 1C charge state, charge about 70% filled a little more. As well, even 70% can not be achieved. After the need to make up charge, but make up for charging needs 2 ~ 4 hours. If forced to charge the battery to 100%, the battery will be a lot of analysis of gas water loss will seriously affect the battery life. Some users see the so-called 15 minutes to complete the foreign charge, is actually 3 ~ 4C charge, charge for 15 minutes, and did not fully charged, but only filled about 70% of electricity to the evening to conduct a 100% charge. Some called 2 hours fully charged battery life is not the damage is about 70% of the charge dell Inspiron 6400 battery  dell Inspiron 630m battery .

2, to achieve the fast charge, in addition to other high-current charge, but also consider the supplement charge. Which make up much longer than fast charging charging time. In this way, the hope in the fast-charge phase, the more fully into the power, make up the shorter the charging time. Thus, we must maximize the improvement of the battery charge acceptance. The high current phase of the negative pulse is to improve the battery charge acceptance of the most effective way. Therefore, negative pulse charging is essential. Negative pulse charging high current pulses to moderate depolarizing, while moderate depolarization pulse current and pulse width, duty cycle, etc., most of all the company’s “foreign secret society.” Evaluation is not here publicly.

3, I saw the commercial on the maximum charging current the charger is 0.5C ~ 0.7C. In accordance with the “Golden Emblem conditions” charging instrument has 1C, which is filled 70% of electricity, gas analysis has also been a lot of water loss into the state. The emblem of the colloidal gold-rich fluid cells initially, to allow proper analysis of gas, the formation of colloid cracking. This is different from ordinary AGM battery.

4, for fast charging, the relative these three kinds of batteries, the biggest advantage of NiMH batteries, Ni-MH battery can be charged in accordance with the 1C, has been charged to 100%, which is 1 hour to complete the charge. Although the lithium-ion battery fast charging, you can charge a little more than 1C, but the single battery charge voltage to 4.3V, the charge must be filled, and make up as lead-acid battery charging. However, make up more than lead-acid battery charging time can be shorter. So. Lithium-ion battery Fast-charge time should be about 2 hours.

Ni-MH battery can be charged with 1C to quickly, and has been fully charged, it can be achieved within 1 hour to complete. The lithium-ion batteries can also be slightly larger than the current charge 1C or start single lithium-ion battery cell voltage reaches 4.3V after the need for constant voltage charging, so make up the charge current is gradually reduced, so the same as lead-acid batteries , in addition to other fast charging, but also increase the supplement charge time, but make up a longer charge time. However, lithium-ion battery charge acceptance is better than lead-acid batteries, so do not make up a very long charge time, charge mode, in good general in the 2 hours to 3 hours to complete 100% charge dell Y9943 battery  dell Inspiron 640m battery .

Currently, a new study of thunder and lightning. So that lightning may be new energy, and reduce lightning damage.

Our research will contribute to future power generation from alternative energy in the atmosphere. “Study leader Dr. Fernando Galembeck said his study may help explain one outstanding problem in 200 years – is how the electric atmosphere generated and released.” As the solar energy can be provided free of charge for people like this promising new energy source can produce a similar effect. “He insisted.

“If we understand how lightning is the accumulation and spread in the atmosphere, we will be able to prevent injuries caused by lightning.” Galembeck say that every year thousands of the world caused by lightning casualties and millions of dollars in property damage.

Centuries, to achieve with the natural way to get power is the dream of scientists has been. They noted that the exhaust steam from the boiler will produce static electricity, workers are often steam “power” to. The famous inventor Nikola Tesla, is cherished dream of air power to take one of the scientists. He said that when water vapor in the air, dust or other particles on the aggregation charge arises. Galembeck said, but so far, scientists lack sufficient knowledge to explain the formation of water in the atmosphere and release energy in the process. His research and Baxikanpi Salinas universities compaq Presario B2800 battery  compaq Presario C700 battery .

Scientists had believed that the water droplets in the atmosphere is neutral (the total charge zero particle state), even with the dust particles and other charges on the droplet contact is still the case. However, there is new evidence that water in the atmosphere can indeed carry a charge.

Galembeck and his colleagues used the water in contact with the air of dust particles in laboratory simulation experiments confirmed this idea. They used silicon dioxide and aluminum phosphate particles are, both are common in air particles, experiments show that, in high humidity environment, the silica particles are negatively charged and positively charged particles of aluminum phosphate. High humidity means a high level of moisture in the air – vapor condenses and can be seen, similar to the wet summer, the air-conditioned cars and buildings in the windows of the “fog.”

“This is a clear evidence that water in the atmosphere to gather the charge and put it in contact with the material reached up” Galembeck explained, “we call ‘hygroelectricity’ means ‘wet steam current.’” He said, possible future development of the collector to obtain wet steam current, similar to the use of solar cells to collect sunlight to generate electricity the same, and connected them to the homes and businesses. As the solar cell performance in a high sunny areas, wet steam battery should be placed in high humidity areas, such as the U.S. Northeast and southeastern humid areas.

Galembeck said that a similar approach may also help to prevent the formation of lightning and excited. He envisioned a building area in the top of thunderstorms frequently placed wet steam battery, it will charge extracted from the air, thus preventing the release of charge when lightning formation. His research team has tested to determine which metal is more suitable to obtain energy from the atmosphere and to prevent lightning strikes.

“We own and other research groups of the current study will become possible, this is the idea of how fascinating!” Galembeck said, “Of course, we still have a long way to go. But the long run the current use of wet steam The benefits will be considerable. ” compaq Presario CQ40 battery  compaq Presario CQ45 battery

In the TUV SÜD Group Annual Report 2009 referred to: electric vehicles, new energy and energy efficiency management will be the Group’s future efforts to develop the three innovation. In electric vehicles, the Group has had quite a breakthrough. TUV SÜD end of last year was the world’s first lithium dynamic impact testing to develop safety standards for electric cars, a few weeks ago made their first electric vehicle performance testing. Now, in the new energy field, the Group has been new development trends.

Recently, TUV SÜD Group partners took part in the Desert Industrial Technology program (The Desertec Industrial Initiative, called Dii), this practice in the field of renewable energy commitments made. As a technology service provider, TUV SÜD provides new energy power plants and innovative pilot projects in the planning, construction and operation of full support.

Dii company has set itself this goal: by 2050, providing Europe with solar and wind power 15% of the total annual electricity consumption. To achieve this goal, Dii plans in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and network to build many solar and wind power plants. Planning, these plants will be issued by electric wire long distance transmission to Europe through the grid, and will meet the large domestic producers of electricity demand. Dii company Desertec program created the preconditions for rapid implementation, it focuses on economic, technological and regulatory developments in order to achieve this goal hp F4812A  hp HSTNN-LB31 battery .

TUV SÜD range of services covering feasibility studies, regulatory and financial framework conditions for consultation, the environment and the modules for the power plant certification and testing components analysis of the impact, solar thermal power, photovoltaic power plants and wind power plants During the construction of quality assurance and support, infrastructure project monitoring, and even include a green energy certificate.

Worldwide, TUV SÜD experts in the power plant planning, construction, commissioning and ongoing operation to support all major manufacturers, operators and investors, these plants produced from renewable energy in new energy, and These stations cover the photovoltaic power stations, solar thermal power, wind power, geothermal power plants, hydropower and biomass power plants.

TUV SÜD Group was established 140 years ago in Germany, is a leading global technology services company, services cover testing, certification, inspection, information and expert guidance and other fields. The company has more than 600 offices worldwide, employs approximately 15,000 people, efforts to provide customers with technical, system and actual operation of the optimization.

TUV SÜD (TUV SUD) business development in China has nearly 20 years. To date, more than 10,000 customers for the corresponding service hp Pavilion ZV6000 battery  hp PB991A battery .

Low-carbon environment has become a topic of world attention, BYD electric cars due to launch ushered in Buffett’s huge investment in the foreseeable future electric vehicle alternative fuel vehicles is a big trend. Recently a group from Ohio State University students created a new world speed record electric car, the Buckeye Bullet Venturi their R & D in the Bonneville Salt Flats, plain test speed reached 468km / h.

Ohio State University Buckeye Bullet student team developed a series of general term for electric vehicles, the original model using hydrogen as a fuel is not true of pure electric vehicles. This hydrogen-powered vehicles in 2009 in Bonneville Salt Flats, plain hit a 484km / h speed record. Student team and Monaco this year Zhezhi independent electric car Venturi Research to launch code-named Buckeye Bullet Venturi lithium battery electric vehicles hp Pavilion dv4 battery  hp Pavilion dv5 battery .

Buckeye Bullet Venturi used in lithium batteries is the best one among various types of batteries, compared with the nickel-metal hydride battery, a new generation of lithium batteries to reduce weight by half, more than double the charge storage capacity. This Venturi is a pure electric car is absolutely, its general shape design, such as fighter planes, huge aircraft-type tail greatly enhances driving stability. If fitted with wings can fly I believe it is certainly up to know the Concorde supersonic passenger plane take-off speed, but only 350km / h.

Had the fastest electric car

Venturi though could run very fast, but its shape is bound it can not take to the streets. Snow thanks to Ford’s Super Motor Company had created a speed of 335km / h electric car, which is the world’s fastest electric car before. They nicknamed it “extremely air superiority,” its shape is a cool two-door sports car, 100 km speed up just 2.5 seconds. Dual electric motor system, the maximum output power of 746 kilowatts.

Britain is said to be the recent introduction of a supersonic car, powered by Typhoon aircraft engines and Falcon rockets, speeds will reach 1600 km / h. But it seems to me that more than a show car, but also a huge waste of energy. Environmental protection is the lifeblood of sustainable development of the earth, I believe that with the deepening of electric vehicles will replace the fuel future cars hp Pavilion DV1000 battery  hp Pavilion dv2000 battery .

Perhaps high-tech industries are far away from us

But have you ever thought, when you enjoy the air conditioning during the hot summer months, the power may be derived from just the sun you curse?

Solar is recognized as the world’s last virgin land of new energy, and in Hubei, solar photovoltaic power generation is quietly beginning. Is now about 4 yuan / kwh of electricity makes deterred.

How can I make solar PV cost down so that people or at least companies can afford? Today, the newspaper launched a series of reports showing the reader the status of PV power generation in Hubei Province and the future worth of promises.

Imagine, just a phone call, it was free in your house to install solar photovoltaic roof equipment, and access to the national grid. In the power generation equipment installation companies to recover costs (8 years), equipment belongs to you, then your home will become “power station” to label their own electricity, will be unified after the deployment of the Internet, you can even power companies to receive electricity. This is the story actually happened in Germany. Wuhan, although the status of PV is still a considerable distance from this level, but this does not prevent the local government and corporate ambitions dell Vostro 1720 battery dell Vostro 2510 battery .

Last week, the Wuhan New City Expo Center Exhibition Hall photovoltaic power generation project expert review, the battery component installation area of 6,300 square meters, is the laying of the country’s largest battery building integrated photovoltaic power stations.

Full use of “fire” of resources

“Photovoltaic power generation is the use of solar energy converters, etc., will light energy into electrical energy.” Hubei Meteorological Science and Technology Service Center’s chief expert CHEN Zheng told reporters. Province as one of electricity, electricity consumption in 2008 has exceeded SOCIAL 100 billion kwh, equivalent to annual consumption of 400 million tons of standard coal. Call of low-carbon economy in an era of significant development of renewable energy has not dwell on them.

2006, the first photovoltaic project in Hubei run, so far the province has been and networks (access uniform grid) of the total installed capacity of 4 megawatts. The use of electricity each year in our province, in theory, more than 300 million degrees from the sun.

Hubei province is planning to build a huge photovoltaic industry. In the next few years, through investment in photovoltaic power plant 10 billion, driven from the core elements of silicon solar cell production, power generation equipment to the installation of the formation of 100 billion value of the whole industrial chain.

It is reported that Wuhan total number of hours of sunshine for the 1810 ~ 2100 hours, though only and Gansu, Xinjiang and other areas by half, but better than Germany. Only the Expo Center project as an example, the year after completion of generation capacity will exceed 9.5 million degrees, about 3354 tons of standard coal equivalent saved, resolved 30% of the power consumption Expo Center. Provincial Development and Reform Commission say the short term, the use of solar and other new energy sources to replace coal completely unrealistic, “but the most intense period of solar radiation can be fully utilized to reduce coal consumption, is the core of meaning.” dell Vostro A840 battery dell Vostro A860 battery  

Why Solar

Currently, renewable energy, mainly hydropower, wind power, solar, biomass and nuclear power.

Compare their advantages and disadvantages, people in Hubei Energy Group’s said that the current infrastructure is completed hydropower projects, wind power is limited by natural conditions, biomass Jing Guo rapid development, is facing soaring prices of raw materials such as straw Deng issues, solar and nuclear power should be the focus of direction. “Nuclear power is effective should be the fastest project, its generation costs are lower.” Frankly the industry, but the huge investment in nuclear power plants in the long run, require a large number of uranium as a raw material, from 2002 to 2007, uranium prices substantially rose 17 times. “In the future as demand increased, the cost of raw materials and worrying.” For this reason, in The extreme view, in most parts of Hubei Province in solar energy and secondary area can be used. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation technology can be used for any need of the power supply, regardless of space (Forum News) device, or a home power station, solar power everywhere.

To the building through the “Green Jacket”

To report, the current domestic photovoltaic power generation project, divided into independent power plants and building integrated solar photovoltaic two (the former stand-alone installation in the desert battery components, which are installed in the roof of a building component, called BIPV). I guess people in the industry, independent power plant is often sought on the mu of land demand, not suitable for densely populated, Hubei, and the choice with the building as the way, more economical and convenient.

Wuhan Railway Station, Expo Centre photovoltaic project development side – Vice President of Science and Technology, Wuhan Nisshin ZHANG Wen-jian that Hubei’s largest concentration of solar energy resources is 7 to 9 months, with the same period in the summer power shortage in Hubei. By building the roof to install solar power equipment, given electric network of the first cycle in the building, and replace about 20% of electricity to alleviate the power shortage in the local significance is obviously dell Vostro A860n battery dell Winbook N4 battery .

This view has also been recognized by those provincial Development and Reform Commission. “According to our vision, BIPV is the main direction.” The source admitted that intention and stations in Hubei, rural co-owners of greenhouses, in open office or on the roof to install equipment, or wind power, hydropower open office installed, the formation of optical and hydropower, wind power in the complementary use of all land resources to capture solar energy resources.

BYD shares under the 22 semi-annual report released late in 2010, this king of mobile phone batteries and automotive industry, New Horizons in the first half operating income 24.246 billion yuan, up 50%; one handset components and assembly services revenues 9.213 billion yuan, rechargeable batteries and other related products business had sales of 2.043 billion yuan.

In the cell phone components and assembly services, in the case of market recovery, BYD sales of approximately 9.213 billion yuan, up by about 73%.

Before entering the automotive industry, BYD to produce batteries and a high market share in mobile phone battery industry has an important position. September 2008, Buffett announced that 1.8 billion yuan Subscription 10% stake in BYD, BYD reputation makes four.

In the first half, net profit of 2.421 billion yuan BYD, up 106%, earnings per share were 1.06 yuan. However, the chain of view, one of the second quarter over quarter revenue fell 8% in the second quarter, net profit was only 717 million yuan, one-quarter of 1.704 billion yuan more substantial 58% decline IBM ThinkPad Z60t battery  IBM 40Y6797 battery .

In the cell phone components and assembly services, in the case of market recovery, BYD sales of approximately 9.213 billion yuan, up by about 73%.

During the period, BYD rechargeable batteries and other related products business had sales of 2.043 billion yuan, up about 6%. Among lithium-ion battery sales of approximately 1.025 billion yuan, down about 21%, nickel battery sales over the same period in 2009, an increase of about 31.91% to about 810 million yuan.

Battery and its management system

1. Line of battery technology

Battery power system for electric vehicle battery to provide energy, including lithium ion batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries and lead acid batteries.

(1) different cell types of technical line

a. Lead-acid battery as safety, low cost, type in the micro-electric hybrid city car that has certain advantages. However, the low energy density, can not be applied on other types of electric vehicles.

b. Ni-MH battery technology is mature, safe sex, and in recent years to occupy the mainstream hybrid, especially in the light mixing, the mixture re-mix and other models. However, the low energy density, high cost, technological development has reached the limit, there is little room to further improve performance dell Studio 14 battery dell Studio 1435 battery .

c. excellent performance lithium-ion batteries, widely used, has a good prospect, will gradually occupy the mainstream of the future market position. However, safety and cost issues, a few days ago is still in development stage.

(2) line of lithium-ion battery technology

Lithium-ion battery cathode materials include lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate ternary materials and so on.

a. lithium manganese oxide and good safety, low cost, but poor high temperature performance, lower life.

b. Three high energy density materials, a more balanced performance, but the high cost.

c. the best safety of lithium iron phosphate, long cycle life, but poor low temperature characteristics, low energy density.

Most of the current battery of foreign companies such as Panasonic, Sanyo, SBL, LG, JCS, etc., the main choice of lithium manganese oxide and ternary materials; domestic enterprises and the United States most cell A123, the main choice of lithium iron phosphate. The near term, and ternary lithium manganese oxide material is more mature and will be the first industrialization. In the long run, lithium iron phosphate may gradually occupy the mainstream of the future market position.

2. Overseas development

(1) The main material of foreign enterprises with advanced technology, with related patents, a larger production scale, materials prices higher. Canada Phostech lithium iron phosphate has the original patent, the product sells for around 300,000 ~ 400,000 yuan / ton dell Studio 1436 battery .

(2) foreign key technical level of advanced battery companies, especially power battery better consistency, long life, can meet the vehicle requirements, but the cost is high. Sales have more than 2 million of the Toyota prius used nickel metal hydride battery, 8-year warranty in Europe, in the United States 10 years warranty, the battery costs about 15 to 21 yuan / Wh.

(3) foreign auto giants and professional auto parts companies have chosen to partner with professional battery, batteries using the battery business professional manufacturing capabilities, combined with their own vehicle or parts of electrical control design and system integration capabilities, to develop battery system. Such as Toyota and Matsushita formed PEVE company, Bosch and Samsung form SBL, Nissan and NEC form AESC companies, JCI and SAFT form JCS companies, this trend is particularly worth our attention.

(4) The Government attaches importance to power batteries and related materials, research and development, and actively invested heavily subsidized business development. The United States invested 2.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2009 to support the electric car R & D and industrialization, mainly related to power batteries, materials and systems. Japan plans from 2007 onwards, 5 years, 24.5 billion yen investment for R & D vehicle battery dell Studio 15 battery dell Studio 1535 battery .

(5) Foreign companies invested heavily to expand production capacity battery. Japanese companies such as the AESC plans to invest 100 billion yen, Sanyo plans to invest 80 billion yen; U.S. companies, such as JCS plans to invest 220 million U.S. dollars, A123 plans to invest 600 million U.S. dollars to expand production scale lithium-ion battery.

(6) foreign-related institutions and companies have launched the next generation of new power battery development projects. Japan in 2007 launched “the development of new generation cars and fuels program,” the aim of 2030, will be the quality of battery energy density has increased to 7 times the cost reduction to the current 1 / 40.

3. Present Situation in China

(1) Power Battery Materials

a. battery of major raw materials in China is rich in resources, industrial development and secure.

The main raw material resources, including battery lithium, graphite, rare earth, lead, these resources are abundant mineral resources in China are among the world’s top three, as the driving force of the battery industry to provide effective protection.

b. lithium-ion battery anode material has the localized product performance at the international advanced level.

Anode materials in China mainly include natural graphite, artificial graphite and mesophase carbon microbeads MCMB, the product basically covering the domestic market, some products have been sold into the global top three.

c. lithium iron phosphate material many manufacturing enterprises, to meet the less battery power.

More than a hundred domestic enterprises to manufacture lithium iron phosphate material, but only a few manufacturers of products can basically meet the vehicle power battery requirements, and product stability issues have not yet fully resolved.

d. lithium ion battery separator material samples have been developed, performance should be improved.

Internal membrane products in the traditional lithium-ion battery market has been partially replace imported products, but all imported power battery separator, battery separator is still domestic sample stage of development dell Studio 1536 battery .

(2) battery

a. lithium-ion battery has formed products, mainly 1 ~ 50Ah products, some manufacturers have developed more than 50Ah products, like cars and to support demonstration models supporting, but not the formation of industrial production capacity. Ni-MH battery also has developed products, mainly for the 6 ~ 100Ah products, some products can complete production models.

b. internal lithium-ion battery companies have made some progress in skills, in particular progress in security index significantly. But the business skill levels, poor product consistency, overall and there is a certain gap between the international advanced level, and the gap continues to expand.

In the after-sales service, most domestic manufacturers of lithium-ion battery provides only 1 year warranty period, individual manufacturers can provide 3-year warranty period, while some foreign manufacturers of lithium-ion battery can provide 10-year warranty. In product prices, domestic products have advantages, Ni-MH battery costs about 10 yuan / Wh about the cost of lithium-ion battery is about 2.5 to 5 yuan / Wh.

c. domestic battery group technology has fallen behind, a big difference from the industrialization.

Group of individual manufacturers in the battery technology has a certain basis, initially approved vehicle business. But with the international advanced level, in the thermal management, balance, space utilization, etc. there are still a wide gap.

d. domestic enterprises planning to expand investment in the industrialization of active preparation.

In recent years, the battery business of the dramatic increase in industrial investment, such as ATL, power of God, BAK, Universal are planning more than one billion yuan of investment to expand capacity lithium-ion battery. Hunan Shenzhou, Hunan Branch Pa, the torch Schonlein also plan more than 500 million yuan of investment to expand capacity Ni-MH battery. However, most manufacturers still focus on the development in the early input of traditional batteries dell Studio 1537 battery dell Studio 1555 battery .

(3) Battery Management System

a. After “15″ and “Eleventh Five-Year” study, in the battery management system in China has made some progress, a more complete product features, to support the demonstration model matching, but not yet reached the level of industrialization.

b. the battery and vehicle industry are the lack of battery management system design and production experience, both the lack of close cooperation. Domestic battery enterprises generally commissioned a professional electronic company or the Higher Xiangguanjitong, Dan right battery internal law of Bugou depth Quefashuoju accumulation, Wu Fa extensive communication and design firm, affect product Xingneng.

c. The products feature simple, who are of the basic inspection and monitoring functions, but the reliability of data collection, SOC estimation accuracy, thermal management, balance, security management, and a wide gap between foreign countries.

d. non-vehicle electronic components and more level, and because of smaller volume, multi-use hand-welding the way manufacturing, product poor electromagnetic compatibility, stability, and low reliability.

(4) status of battery recycling and treatment

a. power batteries containing lead, strong corrosion solution will effect the environment pollution and waste battery must be the same income. And the battery in the lead, nickel, rare earth, lithium and other metals and other materials with the recovery value, battery recycling is conducive to recycling of resources.

b. United States, Europe, Japan and other developed countries have a complete recycling system. Has formulated special rules and regulations, and established a professional, size of the battery recycling company. China has not established a sound system and system recovery, some recycling companies pay no attention to environmental protection, causing secondary pollution.

c. As the vehicle requirements of high power batteries, some battery powered vehicles, although not able to, but the remaining capacity can meet the requirements of a number of energy storage devices, so use with cascade mode, to expand the use of part of the battery, reduce the cost dell Studio 17 battery dell Studio 1735 battery .

4. My power battery management system and its main problems

(1) lithium iron phosphate material as process control difficulties, poor stability batches, the battery manufacturing process control difficulties, resulting in low power core product, resulting in higher manufacturing costs of batteries. And materials, the original patent on the core issues, can not avoid facing greater risks.

(2) battery with the former divide are imported, domestic battery separator is still in the sample stage, it is difficult to replace imported products in the short term.

(3), lithium iron phosphate membrane and key production equipment imported.

(4) single sample battery cycle life can reach a high level, but because of poor product consistency, power core group, the system’s cycle life is reduced.

(5) in the battery management system, the lack of familiar with batteries and battery management system, complex professional; product system features simple, there is a big gap between performance and abroad; product engineering design capability is weak, poor reliability dell Studio 1737 battery .

Manufacturing process from the beginning until all the applications, low-power technology has become indispensable for all design needs. Energy-sensitive applications, especially single cell must provide the product for several hours operating time, more needs to join the ultra-low power design concepts. To meet these requirements, we must integrate the microcontroller, which features not only to understand the battery, Huan requires a thorough understanding in order to achieve continuous use of 10,15 or even 20 but Wu Xu Nian Dian Chi’s target change, how should Sheji a Zhuang Zhi.

To operate at very low power conditions, it must look to new ways of looking at these very low power applications. Traditionally, these complex applications are in a more convenient point of view to analyze their power consumption, for example of the application and use of power to a hypothesis in order to generate “typical” power consumption Apple MacBook Pro 17 inch battery  Apple PowerBook G4 12 inch battery .

However, for example, to achieve continuous operation of 20 years of single-battery-powered applications, applications must learn self-discharge rate than the lower battery power, which makes every nA of power in the overall power budget in the more crucial.

Industry standard CR2032 button cell battery self-discharge current is less than 250nA. Is a common CR2032 lithium / manganese dioxide battery, nominal (no load) voltage of 3.0V. In practice, to achieve the longest battery life, you must use a highly integrated microcontroller (MCU). In sleep mode, the MCU must be able to within less than 1μA good in operation, while providing the right mix of processing power, and integration of external and on-chip memory.

When each nA of power are critical, the only assumption on the performance or power to do the method is no longer absolutely feasible. In order to assess the best choice of design, the need to examine more parameters, although in some less sensitive to energy applications, these parameters did not seem critical. For instance, for advanced ultra-low-power sleep mode the microcontroller is already very common, however, micro-controller for the whole family will sleep mode power consumption the same approach may be not quite correct. Well-known microcontroller product line can show more than 1,700% change. Therefore, for ultra-low power design, focusing on the choice of microcontrollers to the performance without sacrificing low power conditions to upgrade the memory, and the pin must be compatible.

Another focus is to assess, over time, equipment, battery changes. All the engineers are aware, a battery voltage over time is largely determined by the structure of the battery and load. To CR2032, for example, a pair of AA / AAA alkaline battery it will have a different discharge patterns, result, a well-designed for Yingyong, the battery must be in a variety of qualifications, can Xiangtong performance Yunzuo Apple PowerBook G4 15 inch battery  Apple PowerBook G4 17-inch battery . To not consider the battery characteristics, on the terms of an engineering team to Zai one pair of power-sensitive applications using the same series of microcontrollers Kong Zhiqi products but also to pledge products with a single Dianchigongdian Weichiduonian normal operation is quite not easy. Consider the design team focus on low-voltage power characteristics, and operational performance. At this point, the microcontroller can operate at 2V or lower applied voltage, in order to gain more battery power. In addition, low voltage conditions, the micro-controller high-frequency operation must be maintained to ensure maximum application performance.

With low-power design needs of stable growth, the effective instruction set architecture (ISA) growing importance. On energy-sensitive applications are likely to have 99% of the time in sleep Moshi next, inevitably, these devices to Ding Qi, or use predefined times in intervals, or be awakened by Waibuciji Er. In this regard, in order to achieve the task, designed to consider the key lies in the total energy usage. Design team must select ISA allows the microcontroller, these components have a higher percentage of single-cycle instructions to perform specific tasks, which can short implementation time and lower power consumption to complete the task.

For example, the use of a generic C function memcpy () from a memory address of 32 bytes of data copied to another location, and for the PIC24F and MSP430 compiler, then the resulting code requires more than a 790 MSP430 % duty cycle (316vs.40). 4MHz at 3V and conditions, this example MSP430 consumes more energy than a 230% higher. This shows the importance of ISA.

In the construction of future applications, the embedded electronics industry has reached a watershed, the current design of integrated components, assessment and practice methods will be undergoing changes. Special significance of this shift, the next few years, more applications will integrate in its low-power design techniques Apple MacBook 13 inch unibody battery  Apple MacBook 15 inch unibody battery .